مشروعية نكاح المتعة عند الإمامية الإثنى عشرية وموقف المذاهب الإسلامية منها

The Legitimacy of Mut’ah Marriage Based on the Twelve Imamate and the Islamic Schools of Thought Point of View

Authors

  • fithriah wardi Fakulti Syariah dan Undang Undang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.v7i2.127

Keywords:

mut’ah marriage, Sunni, Shi’ite, Islamic schools of thought

Abstract

اتفق الفقهاء أهل السنة والشيعة على أن متعة النساء كانت مشروعة في أول الإسلام، واستدلوا بالآيات، والأحاديث الواردة عند الطرفين في ذلك. واختلفوا في نسخ جوازها، فذهب الشيعة إلى أنها باقية إلى يوم القيامة، وقال السنة بل هي حرام إلى يوم القيامة. وجعل الشيعة الإيمان بالمتعة أصلا من أصول الدين ومنكرها منكرا للدين، ويعتقدون أن المتمتعة من النساء مغفور لها، وجعلوا المتعة من أعظم أسباب دخول الجنة بل إنها توصلهم إلى درجة تجعلهم يزاحمون الأنبياء مراتبهم في الجنة، فيمكننا القول بأن المتعة من ضروريات الشيعة . خلافا للسنة التي تحرم المتعة حرمة بتة. ولا شك أن هذه المسألة من أهم المسائل التي أثارت الجدل بين الطرفين. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة حقيقة نكاح المتعة وآراء كل من السنة والشيعة تجاه هذا النوع من النكاح باستخدام المنهجين الوصفي والتحليلي من أجل استعراض وجهة نظر الطرفين مدعوما بالأدلة الشرعية ومناقشة القضية بناءً على آراء المذهبين.

Both fuqaha (Moslem jurists) of the Sunni and the Shi’ah are in agreement that Mut’ah marriage was permitted at the beginning of Islam, based on Al-quran verses and Rasulullah (pbuh) hadiths. However, they disagree as to the annulment and permissibility. The Shi’as considered Mut’ah marriage as permitted until the Day of Resurrection, meanwhile the Sunni viewed it as forbidden. The execution of Mut’ah marriage has always been singled out as one of the specific features of the Shi’ite doctrine in which denying it means denial of the religion. They also believe that woman who practised Mut’ah marriage will result in her sins being forgiven. According to the Shi’ites, Mut’ah marriage is one of the biggest reasons for someone to be granted heaven, and his status be elevated to the rank of the Holy Prophet PBUH. Hence, it can be said that practicing Mut’ah marriage is one of the most crucial issues among the Shi’ite community which is totally contradicted to the Sunni doctrine which believed it is unlawful marriage and equalized to Zina (adultery). There is no doubt that this is one of the most important topics that lead to the dispute between the two schools of thought. Using the descriptive and analytical methods, this study aims to elaborate the views on the issue from Shi’ite and Sunni points of view based on various proofs (adillah) and their argumentations in supporting the views.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bin Bakar, Zayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Mohammad. al-Bahr al-Raa`iq Syarh Kanz ad-Daqaa`iq. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Ma’rifah.

As-Sarakhsiy, Shamsuddin Mohammad Bin Ahmad. (1406H). al-Mabsuth. Beirut, Lebano: Dar al-Ma’rifah.

Ibnu Qudamah, Muwaffiquddin Abi Muhammad Abdullah Bin Ahmad. (1405H). al-Mughni. Beirut, Lebanon: Darul Fikr.

Ibnu Hazam, Ali bin Ahmad Bin Saeed. Al-Muhalla. Dar al-Afaq al-Jadidah, Beirut, Lebanon.

At-Tamimy, Abdul Azeez. (1985). Kitab an-Nil Wa Syifa al-Aliil. Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Maktabah al-Irsyad.

Athfisy, Mohammad Bin Yusuf Bin Isa Bin Salih Bin Ismail Bin Yusuf. (1985). Syarh Kitab an-Nil Wa Syifa al-Aliil. Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Maktabah al-Irsyad.

At-Tabrasy, al-Fadhl Bin al-Husayn. Majma’ al-Bayan. Najef, Iraq.

Al-Hulliy, Abu al-Qasim Najmuddin Ja’far Bin al-Hasan. Al-Mukhtasar an-Nafi’ Fi Fiqh al-Imamiyyah. Egypt: Darul Kitab al-Arabi.

Al-Imam Yahya, Bin al-Husayn. (2003). AL-Ahkam Fi al-Halal wal-Haram. Sa’dah, Yaman:. Maktabah at-Turath al-Islamy.

Al-Murtadha, Ahmad Bin Yahya. (2001). Al-Bahr az-Zakhkhar al-Jami’ Limazahib Ulama’ al-Amsar. Beirut, Lebanon: Darul Kutub al-Ilmiyyah.

Al-Kasyani, Fathullah. Minhaj as-Sadiqin. Al-Maktabah al-Islamiyyah.

At-Tusy, Muhammad Bin al-Hasan. (1365H). Tahzib al-Ahkam. Tehran, Iran Darul Kutub al_islamiyyah.

Al-Hurr al-Amily, Muhammad Bin al-Hasan. (1958). Wasa`il asy-Syi’ah Wa Mustadrakatuha. Cairo, Egypt: Matba’ah an-Najah.

Asy-Syairazi, Ibrahim Bin Ali Bin Yusuf. Al-Muhazzab. Beirut. Lebanon: Darul Fikr.

Ibnu Rusyd al-Qurtubi, Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad. Bidayah al-Mujtahid Wa Nihayah al-Muqtasid. Beirut, Lebanon: Darul Fikr.

Al-Jassas, Abu Bakar Ahmad Bin Ali ar-Razy. (1405H). Ahkam al-Qur`an. Beirut, Lebanon. Dar Ihya at-Turath al-Arabi.

Al-Kasani, Ala`Uddin. (1982). Bada'i’ as-Sanaa`i’. Beirut, Lebanon: Darul Kitab al-Arabi.

Al-Ja’fi, Muhammad Bin Ismail Abu Abdullah al-Bukhari. (1987). Sahih al-Bukhari. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Ibnu Kathir.

Al-Qurtubi, Muhammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abi Bakar Bin Farah. (1372). al-Jami’ Li Ahkam al-Qur`an. Cairo, Egypt: Dar asy-Sya’b.

Muslim Bin al-Hajja. Sahih Muslim. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Ihya at-Turath al-Arabi.

Az-Zarqani, Muhammad Bin Abdul Baqi Bin Yusuf. (1411). Syarh az-Zarqani ‘Ala al-Muwatta`. Beirut, Lebanon: Darul Kutub al-Ilmiyyah.

At-Tusy, Muhammad Bin al-Hasan. Al-Istibsar Fima Ikhtalafa Min al-Akhbar. Tehran, Irak: Darul Kutub al-Islamiyyah.

Al-Kulayni, asy-Syaikh Muhammad Bin Ya’qub. Al-Kafi.

Published

2019-11-30

How to Cite

wardi, fithriah. (2019). مشروعية نكاح المتعة عند الإمامية الإثنى عشرية وموقف المذاهب الإسلامية منها: The Legitimacy of Mut’ah Marriage Based on the Twelve Imamate and the Islamic Schools of Thought Point of View. Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law, 7(2), 51–63. https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.v7i2.127