عقد النكاح عبر الإنترنت
Marriage Contract Using The Internet
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol6no1.76Keywords:
عقد، النكاح، عبر الإنترنت.Abstract
نظرا للتقدم التقني المتسارع في هذا العصر، لقد تخطَّى الإنترنت أو ما يعرف بشبكة المعلومات الدولية أو الشبكة العنكبوتية الأبعاد الزمانية والمكانية، والحدودَ الجغرافية، فأسهمت في تقريب البعيد، واختصار المسافات، وساعدت في تطوير عمليات إجراء العقود التي كانت تُعقَد في مجلس واحد عن طريق تلاقي الأبدان والاجتماع بين المتعاقدين، فحوَّلَتها إلى عقود تجري عبر الإنترنت التي ينقلها الشخص مكتوبا أو مسموعا أو مرئيا، فاستجدت النوازل عن طريقه في شتى المجالات لم تكن معهودة في الزمان الماضي منها في باب النكاح، ما يسمى بالنكاح عبر الإنترنت، فلما كان الإنترنت لم يكن موجودا في عصر فقهائنا القدماء الأجلاء، فاستجدت النوازل عن طريقه في شتى المجالات لم تكن معهودة في الزمان الماضي ومنها: في باب النكاح، ما يسمى بالنكاح عبر الإنترنت، فما حكم إنشاء عقد النكاح عبر الإنترنت؟ وهو محل بحث.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
BOOKS:
Abu al-hajjaj, Usamah Yusuf. D.n. Daliluka al-syakhshi ila 'aalam al-internet, Dar nahdhah, Egypt.
Abu Zahrah, Muhammad. N.d. al-Ahwal al-Syakhshiyyah, dar el-fikr el-araby.
Al-Asyqar, Usamah Umar Sulaiman. 2000, mustajadaat fiqhiyyah fi qadhayaa al-zawaj wa al thalaq, Dar al-nafaais, amman, Yordania.
Al-Baabarty, Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud, Abu Abdullah, Akmal al-din. N.d. al-Inayah syarh al-hidayah, Dar al-fikr, Bairut, Lebanon.
Al-Buhuthiy, Manshur ibn Yunus ibn Idris. 1996, Daqa`iq Uliy al-nuha li Syarh muntahaa al-iradaat, aalam al-kutub, Beirut, Lebanon.
---------------, Manshur ibn Yunus ibn Idris. 1982, Kasysyaf al-qinaa `an mathn al-iqnaa`, dar al-fikr, Beirut, Lebanon, Tahqiq: Hilal mushailihiy.
Al-Dardiir, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Abu al-Barakaat. N.d. al-Syarh al-Shaghir, Dar al-ma`arif, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
-------------, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Abu al-Barakaat. 2003, al-Syarh al-kabiir, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon.
Al-Hilliy al-hudzaliy, Muhammad ibn Hasan, Abu al-qasim, Najm al-din. N.d. Syara`I al-Islam fi masa`il al-halal wa al-haram, Dar al-zahraa.
Al-Ibrahiim, Muhammad `aqalah. 1986, hukm ijraa` al-uquud bi wasa`al al-ittishal al-hadistah, Dar Dhiya, Amman, Yordania, First edition.
Al-Imam Malik ibn Anas, biriwayah sahnun. 1994, al-Mudawwanah al-kubraa, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, Fisrt edition, Beirut, Lebanon.
Al-Kasaaniy, Abu bakr ibn Mas`ud, alaa al-din. 2006, albadaa`i al-shanaa`i fi tartib al-syara'i, dar al-hadist, Al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Al-Mardawy al-Shalihy, Ali ibn Sulaiman, Ala' al-din, Abu al-hasan. 2008, al-Inshaf fi ma'rifah al-Rajih min al-khilaf 'ala madzhab al-Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Dar Ihya' al-turast al-araby, First Edition, Beirut, Lebanon.
Al-najfi`, Muhammad Hasan. N.d. Jawahir al-kalam fi syarh syara`I al-Islam, Dar al-kutub al-islamiyyah, Tehran, Iran.
Al-Najimiy, Muhammad. N.d. Hukm ibraam aqd al-ahwal al-syakhsiyyah wa al-`uquud al-tijariyyah `abar al-wasa`il al-elektroniyyah.
Al-Nawawiy, Yahya ibn Syaraf, Abu Zakariya. N.d. al-Majmuu` syarh al-muhadzdzah, Maktabah al-Irsyad, Jeddah, Mamlakah al-arabiyyah al-sa'udiyyah.
---------------, Yahya ibn Syaraf, Abu Zakariya. 2003, Raudhah al-thalibin, Dar aalam al-kutub, Al-mamlakah al-arabiyyah, al-saudiyyah, ekslusif edition.
Al-Qarafi al-shonhaji. Ahmad ibn Idris, Abu al-`abbas. 1998, An`waa` al-buruq fi anwa al-furuq, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, tahqiq: khalil al-Manshur.
Al-Rahiibaniy, Moshthafa ibn Sa'ad ibn Abduh. 1961, Mathalib Uuliy al-nuhaa fi syarh ghayah al-muntaha, al-maktab al-Islamiy, Damascus, Syiria.
Al-Ramliy, Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Syams al-din. 2012, Nihayah al-muhtaj ilaa syarh al-minhaj, Maktabah al-tawfiqiyyah, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Al-Sarakhsiy, Muhammad ibn Abu Sahl, Abu Bakr, Syams al-din. 2000, al-Mabsuut, Dar al-fikr, First edition, Beirut, Lebanon.
Al-shana'any, Ahmad ibn Qasim. N.d. al-taj al-mudzahhab li ahkam al-madzhab, Dar al-kitab al-islamy.
Al-Shyahud, Ali ibn Nayif. 2015, Printed by the author, First edition.
Al-Syairaziy, Abu Ishaq. 1996, Al-Muhadzdzab fi fiqh al-Imam al-syafi`i, Dar al-qalam, First edition, Damascus, Syiria.
Al-Syarbiniy al-khathib, Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Syams al-din. 2006, Mughni al-muhtaj ilaa ma`rifat ma`ani alfadhz al-minhaj, Dar-al-hadist, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Al-Syaukani, Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Muhammad. 2004, al-sail al-jarrar al-mutadaffiq alaa hada`iq al-azhaar, Dar Ibn Hazm, First edition.
Al-Zaila`iy, Ustman ibn Ali, Fakhr al-din. 1896, Tabyiin al-haqa`iq syarh Kanz al-daqa`iq, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Al-Zarqaa`, mushthafa ibn Ahmad. 2004, al-madkhal al-fiqhiy al-`am, Dar al-qalam, Second Edition, Damascus, Syiria.
`Aththafayyisy, Muhammad ibn Yusuf. 1972, Syarh kitab al-nail wa syifaa` al-`aliil, Dar al-fath-Beirut, and dar turats al-`araby-libya, and maktabah al-`irsyad-Jeddah, Second edition.
Badran, Badran abu al-ainain. N.d. al-zawaj wa al-thalaq fi al-Islam, Mu`assasah syabab Alexandria University.
Ibn Al-Murtadlo, Ahmad ibn Yahya. N.d. al-bahr al-zakharal-jami' li madzahib ulama al-Amshar, Maktabah al-Yaman.
Ibn Hajar al-Haitamiy, Ahmad ibn Hajar, Shihab al-din. 1997, Tuhfah al-muhtaj bi syarh al-minhaj, Dar al-fikr, Beirut, Lebanon.
Ibn Hazm al-Zhahiry, Abu Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Ahmad. N.d. al-Muhalla bi al-aatsar, Dar al-fikr, Beirut, Lebanon.
Ibn Nujaim, Zainuddin ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad. 1997, al-Bahr al-ra'iq syarh kanz al-daqa'iq, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, First edition, Beirut, Lebanon.
Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisiy, Abdullah ibn Ahmad, Abu Muhammad, Muwaffaq al-din. 2004, Al-Mughni, Dar al-Hadist, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Ibn `Abidiin, Muhammad Amin ibn Umar ibn Abd Aziz, Shalah al-din. 2003, Radd al-muhtar ala al-ddar al-mukhtar and named also Hasyiah ibn abidin, dar aalam al-kutub, Riyadh, KSA, ekslusif edition.
Nizham, al-syekh and a group of Indian scholars, 1991, al-fatawa al-Hindiyyah fi madzhab al-Imam al-`azham Abi Hanifah al-nu`man, Dar al-fikr, Bairut, Lebanon.
Ulaisy, Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad. 1989, Manh al-jalil syarh 'alaa mukhtashar al-'allamah khalil, dar al-fikr, Beirut, Lebanon.
RESEARCH PAPERS:
Al-Kubaisiy, Dr. abd Al-Aziz syakir hamdan. Hukum aqd al-zawaj bi wasithah al-taqniyyat al-mu'asharah, wasa'il al-ittishal al-masmu`ah wa-almar'iyyah anmudzjan, (A research presented to the seminar on Al-ankihah al-mustahdastah fi waqi'ina al-mu'ashir, held at the Department of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of the United Arab Emirates, on 28 April 2015).
Al-Farfuur, Dr. Muhammad Abd al-Lathif Shaleh, Ittihad al-majlis 'inda al-fuqahaa (a research presented to the International Conference of Islamic Jurisprudence Complex, held at the headquarters of the Academy in Jeddah, 17-23 Shaban 1410H corresponding to 14-20 March 1990).
Al-Dabw, Dr. Ibrahim Faadhil, Hukm ijraa al-`uquud ba wasaail al-ittshal al-Hadistah (a research presented to the International Conference of Islamic Jurisprudence Complex, held at the headquarters of the Academy in Jeddah, 17-23 Shaban 1410H corresponding to 14-20 March 1990).
Al-Zuhaily, Dr. Wahbah. Ijaraa al-'Uquud bi aalaat al-ittishal al-hadistiyyah (a research presented to the International Conference of Islamic Jurisprudence Complex, held at the headquarters of the Academy in Jeddah, 17-23 Shaban 1410H corresponding to 14-20 March 1990).
Al-Mazruu`, Dr. Abd al-Ilaah ibn mazruu`, `aqd al-zawaaj abar al-internet.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
Majallah majma' al-fiqh al-Islamiy, the Sixth Session of the Conference of Islamic Fiqh Academy, held in Amman, capital of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, on 08-13 Safar 1407 H corresponding to 11-16 October 1986.
Fatawa al-lajnah al-daimah li al-buhust al-'ilmiyyah wa al-iftaa, Collection and arrangement of Ahmad bin Abd Al-Raziq al-Daweesy, Dar al-mu'ayyad, Riyadh, al-mamlkah al-'arabiyyah, al-sa'udiyyah, fifth edition, 2003.
WEBSITES
http://gate.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentPrint/1/70/605196.aspx
http://www.middle-east-online.com/?id=195321
https://khutabaa.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11.pdf
Abu al-hajjaj, Usamah Yusuf. D.n. Daliluka al-syakhshi ila 'aalam al-internet, Dar nahdhah, Egypt.
Abu Zahrah, Muhammad. N.d. al-Ahwal al-Syakhshiyyah, dar el-fikr el-araby.
Al-Asyqar, Usamah Umar Sulaiman. 2000, mustajadaat fiqhiyyah fi qadhayaa al-zawaj wa al thalaq, Dar al-nafaais, amman, Yordania.
Al-Baabarty, Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud, Abu Abdullah, Akmal al-din. N.d. al-Inayah syarh al-hidayah, Dar al-fikr, Bairut, Lebanon.
Al-Buhuthiy, Manshur ibn Yunus ibn Idris. 1996, Daqa`iq Uliy al-nuha li Syarh muntahaa al-iradaat, aalam al-kutub, Beirut, Lebanon.
---------------, Manshur ibn Yunus ibn Idris. 1982, Kasysyaf al-qinaa `an mathn al-iqnaa`, dar al-fikr, Beirut, Lebanon, Tahqiq: Hilal mushailihiy.
Al-Dardiir, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Abu al-Barakaat. N.d. al-Syarh al-Shaghir, Dar al-ma`arif, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
-------------, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Abu al-Barakaat. 2003, al-Syarh al-kabiir, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon.
Al-Hilliy al-hudzaliy, Muhammad ibn Hasan, Abu al-qasim, Najm al-din. N.d. Syara`I al-Islam fi masa`il al-halal wa al-haram, Dar al-zahraa.
Al-Ibrahiim, Muhammad `aqalah. 1986, hukm ijraa` al-uquud bi wasa`al al-ittishal al-hadistah, Dar Dhiya, Amman, Yordania, First edition.
Al-Imam Malik ibn Anas, biriwayah sahnun. 1994, al-Mudawwanah al-kubraa, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, Fisrt edition, Beirut, Lebanon.
Al-Kasaaniy, Abu bakr ibn Mas`ud, alaa al-din. 2006, albadaa`i al-shanaa`i fi tartib al-syara'i, dar al-hadist, Al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Al-Mardawy al-Shalihy, Ali ibn Sulaiman, Ala' al-din, Abu al-hasan. 2008, al-Inshaf fi ma'rifah al-Rajih min al-khilaf 'ala madzhab al-Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Dar Ihya' al-turast al-araby, First Edition, Beirut, Lebanon.
Al-najfi`, Muhammad Hasan. N.d. Jawahir al-kalam fi syarh syara`I al-Islam, Dar al-kutub al-islamiyyah, Tehran, Iran.
Al-Najimiy, Muhammad. N.d. Hukm ibraam aqd al-ahwal al-syakhsiyyah wa al-`uquud al-tijariyyah `abar al-wasa`il al-elektroniyyah.
Al-Nawawiy, Yahya ibn Syaraf, Abu Zakariya. N.d. al-Majmuu` syarh al-muhadzdzah, Maktabah al-Irsyad, Jeddah, Mamlakah al-arabiyyah al-sa'udiyyah.
---------------, Yahya ibn Syaraf, Abu Zakariya. 2003, Raudhah al-thalibin, Dar aalam al-kutub, Al-mamlakah al-arabiyyah, al-saudiyyah, ekslusif edition.
Al-Qarafi al-shonhaji. Ahmad ibn Idris, Abu al-`abbas. 1998, An`waa` al-buruq fi anwa al-furuq, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, tahqiq: khalil al-Manshur.
Al-Rahiibaniy, Moshthafa ibn Sa'ad ibn Abduh. 1961, Mathalib Uuliy al-nuhaa fi syarh ghayah al-muntaha, al-maktab al-Islamiy, Damascus, Syiria.
Al-Ramliy, Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Syams al-din. 2012, Nihayah al-muhtaj ilaa syarh al-minhaj, Maktabah al-tawfiqiyyah, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Al-Sarakhsiy, Muhammad ibn Abu Sahl, Abu Bakr, Syams al-din. 2000, al-Mabsuut, Dar al-fikr, First edition, Beirut, Lebanon.
Al-shana'any, Ahmad ibn Qasim. N.d. al-taj al-mudzahhab li ahkam al-madzhab, Dar al-kitab al-islamy.
Al-Shyahud, Ali ibn Nayif. 2015, Printed by the author, First edition.
Al-Syairaziy, Abu Ishaq. 1996, Al-Muhadzdzab fi fiqh al-Imam al-syafi`i, Dar al-qalam, First edition, Damascus, Syiria.
Al-Syarbiniy al-khathib, Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Syams al-din. 2006, Mughni al-muhtaj ilaa ma`rifat ma`ani alfadhz al-minhaj, Dar-al-hadist, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Al-Syaukani, Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Muhammad. 2004, al-sail al-jarrar al-mutadaffiq alaa hada`iq al-azhaar, Dar Ibn Hazm, First edition.
Al-Zaila`iy, Ustman ibn Ali, Fakhr al-din. 1896, Tabyiin al-haqa`iq syarh Kanz al-daqa`iq, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Al-Zarqaa`, mushthafa ibn Ahmad. 2004, al-madkhal al-fiqhiy al-`am, Dar al-qalam, Second Edition, Damascus, Syiria.
`Aththafayyisy, Muhammad ibn Yusuf. 1972, Syarh kitab al-nail wa syifaa` al-`aliil, Dar al-fath-Beirut, and dar turats al-`araby-libya, and maktabah al-`irsyad-Jeddah, Second edition.
Badran, Badran abu al-ainain. N.d. al-zawaj wa al-thalaq fi al-Islam, Mu`assasah syabab Alexandria University.
Ibn Al-Murtadlo, Ahmad ibn Yahya. N.d. al-bahr al-zakharal-jami' li madzahib ulama al-Amshar, Maktabah al-Yaman.
Ibn Hajar al-Haitamiy, Ahmad ibn Hajar, Shihab al-din. 1997, Tuhfah al-muhtaj bi syarh al-minhaj, Dar al-fikr, Beirut, Lebanon.
Ibn Hazm al-Zhahiry, Abu Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Ahmad. N.d. al-Muhalla bi al-aatsar, Dar al-fikr, Beirut, Lebanon.
Ibn Nujaim, Zainuddin ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad. 1997, al-Bahr al-ra'iq syarh kanz al-daqa'iq, Dar al-kutub al-ilmiyyah, First edition, Beirut, Lebanon.
Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisiy, Abdullah ibn Ahmad, Abu Muhammad, Muwaffaq al-din. 2004, Al-Mughni, Dar al-Hadist, al-Qaherah, Egypt.
Ibn `Abidiin, Muhammad Amin ibn Umar ibn Abd Aziz, Shalah al-din. 2003, Radd al-muhtar ala al-ddar al-mukhtar and named also Hasyiah ibn abidin, dar aalam al-kutub, Riyadh, KSA, ekslusif edition.
Nizham, al-syekh and a group of Indian scholars, 1991, al-fatawa al-Hindiyyah fi madzhab al-Imam al-`azham Abi Hanifah al-nu`man, Dar al-fikr, Bairut, Lebanon.
Ulaisy, Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad. 1989, Manh al-jalil syarh 'alaa mukhtashar al-'allamah khalil, dar al-fikr, Beirut, Lebanon.
RESEARCH PAPERS:
Al-Kubaisiy, Dr. abd Al-Aziz syakir hamdan. Hukum aqd al-zawaj bi wasithah al-taqniyyat al-mu'asharah, wasa'il al-ittishal al-masmu`ah wa-almar'iyyah anmudzjan, (A research presented to the seminar on Al-ankihah al-mustahdastah fi waqi'ina al-mu'ashir, held at the Department of Sharia and Islamic Studies, University of the United Arab Emirates, on 28 April 2015).
Al-Farfuur, Dr. Muhammad Abd al-Lathif Shaleh, Ittihad al-majlis 'inda al-fuqahaa (a research presented to the International Conference of Islamic Jurisprudence Complex, held at the headquarters of the Academy in Jeddah, 17-23 Shaban 1410H corresponding to 14-20 March 1990).
Al-Dabw, Dr. Ibrahim Faadhil, Hukm ijraa al-`uquud ba wasaail al-ittshal al-Hadistah (a research presented to the International Conference of Islamic Jurisprudence Complex, held at the headquarters of the Academy in Jeddah, 17-23 Shaban 1410H corresponding to 14-20 March 1990).
Al-Zuhaily, Dr. Wahbah. Ijaraa al-'Uquud bi aalaat al-ittishal al-hadistiyyah (a research presented to the International Conference of Islamic Jurisprudence Complex, held at the headquarters of the Academy in Jeddah, 17-23 Shaban 1410H corresponding to 14-20 March 1990).
Al-Mazruu`, Dr. Abd al-Ilaah ibn mazruu`, `aqd al-zawaaj abar al-internet.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
Majallah majma' al-fiqh al-Islamiy, the Sixth Session of the Conference of Islamic Fiqh Academy, held in Amman, capital of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, on 08-13 Safar 1407 H corresponding to 11-16 October 1986.
Fatawa al-lajnah al-daimah li al-buhust al-'ilmiyyah wa al-iftaa, Collection and arrangement of Ahmad bin Abd Al-Raziq al-Daweesy, Dar al-mu'ayyad, Riyadh, al-mamlkah al-'arabiyyah, al-sa'udiyyah, fifth edition, 2003.
WEBSITES
http://gate.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentPrint/1/70/605196.aspx
http://www.middle-east-online.com/?id=195321
https://khutabaa.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11.pdf
Downloads
Published
2018-06-07
How to Cite
Kamaruddin, M. A. (2018). عقد النكاح عبر الإنترنت: Marriage Contract Using The Internet. Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law, 6(1), 227–258. https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol6no1.76
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Muhammad Azwar Kamaruddin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
