WUQUF IN ARAFAH AND ARAFAH FASTING IN INDONESIA: LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS UNDER ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE - A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol14no1.1020Keywords:
Wuquf, ‘Arafah, Syari’ah, fasting, illat lawAbstract
This study discusses the differences in determining the time of ʿArafah fasting between Indonesia and Makkah, which have often led to confusion among Indonesian Muslims, particularly in relation to differing interpretations time zones that may affect the observance of fasting in each region. Considering the significance of ʿArafah fasting as an act of worship associated with substantial spiritual merit, this research aims to provide a comprehensive solution through the application of the concept of ʿillah, a legal-reasoning approach that identify the underlying causes of legal rulings Islamic jurisprudence. The method employed in this study is a systematic literature review, supplemented by in-depth interviews with experts in Islamic law. This process is undertaken to identify, select, and analyze scholarly literature relevant to the differences in determining the timing of the ʿArafah fast between Indonesia and Mecca. The data collection was conducted through a systematic search across various academic databases, including national and international scientific journals, conference proceedings, and academic publications addressing fiqh, uṣūl al-fiqh, and issues related to the determination of ritual times.The inclusion criteria were limited to literature discussing the concept of ʿillah (legal reasoning), the determination of the beginning of the Hijri month, the methods of ḥisāb (astronomical calculation) and rukyah (moon sighting), as well as studies on the observance of the ʿArafah fast within the context of differing geographical regions. The findings indicate that the application of ʿillah-based legal reasoning offers a flexible and context-sensitive framework for determining the time of ʿArafah fasting in Indonesia, particularly by considering differences in time zones and the visibility of the hilal. An analytical review and engagement with the Qurʾān and hadith, supported by expert consultation and contextual assessment, demonstrates how the principle of ʿillah is applied in determine the ninth of Dzulhijjah as the appropriate time for observing the ʿArafah fast. The implications of this study highlight the need for greater harmonisation between the methods of ḥisāb and rukyah, as well as the adaptive application of Islamic law to local contexts, thereby contributing to a more practical and contextually grounded understanding of Islamic jurisprudence.
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