CONTEXTUALISATION OF AL-MAQASID AL-KULLIYAT ACCORDING TO THE OBJECTIVES OF THE INDIVIDUAL, FAMILY, SOCIETY AND HUMANITY: AN ANALYSIS ON JAMALUDDIN ATHIYAH’S PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

Knowledge constantly evolves to address increasingly complex questions posed by society. Similarly, maqasid al-syariah, a theory continuously developed by experts, seeks to meet these challenges. One such expert is Jamaluddin ‘Athiyah, a scholar who has contributed to the advancement of maqasid built upon the foundation of classical and early contemporary ideas. This qualitative study employs a literary approach by utilising content analysis to analyse the collected data. The findings reveal that Jamaluddin ‘Athiyah’s conceptualisation of maqasid differs from previous perspectives. Noteworthy discussions in his theory include the role of human cognition and the position of illah in the process of determining maqasid al-syariah. Ultimately, he introduces a framework referred to as the "wiggle room" or "area of analysis”, which expands the initial four maqasid into 24 distinct objectives. This study's contribution to international scholars in the field lies in its comprehensive analysis of Jamaluddin ‘Athiyah’s maqasid framework and its divergence from traditional interpretations. By shedding light on these novel perspectives, it enriches the existing scholarly discourse on maqasid al-syariah and opens up new avenues for further research and exploration. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for researchers, academics, and practitioners seeking a deeper understanding of maqasid al-syariah and its practical applications in contemporary contexts. This study offers the following recommendations that It is crucial to thoroughly understand Jamaluddin Athiyah's clarifications on identifying the main purposes (maqasid) within the theory. The specification of the five maqasid is an exceptional achievement that demonstrates foresight and meticulous thinking. However, further analysis is needed to address any potential overlapping theories and ensure the completeness of this classification.