التداخلات بين مجالي القانون والتنظيم في المغرب: مقاربة سياسية مقارنة من خلال دستورانية فصل السلطات
INTERSECTIONS BETWEEN LAW AND REGULATION: A COMPARATIVE POLITICAL APPROACH THROUGH THE CONSTITUTIONALISM OF THE SEPARATION OF POWERS IN MOROCCO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol13no1.855Keywords:
Law, regulation, king, government, parliament, constitution, MoroccoAbstract
This paper examines the phenomenon of the restriction of the role of Parliament within the framework of a constitutionalism in Morocco and French. This paper uses both the legal institutional approach of both the Moroccan and French constitutions as well as the systemic approach as its methods to analyse the intersection between the domain of law and the domain of regulation for the former, and to study the Moroccan political system based on the constitutional monarchy, which is characterized by a pre-eminent position compared to all powers as to the latter. This paper argues that the principle of separation of powers is a fundamental principle of the Moroccan constitutional system, where the legislative functions of the Moroccan Parliament, among others, in the domain of law delimits its competences in this area when intervenes by the government's regulatory power. Moreover, the increasing dominance of the executive branch at the expense of Parliament in Western countries, including Morocco, drew its constitutional philosophy from the Western system which raises the issue of the democratic character and representative functions of Parliament and makes it an exceptional legislator. This paper concludes that the restriction of the functions of Parliament in the legislative domain does not mean its weakening, but rather the protection of the purpose of its creation, which is the expression of the will of the nation and the representation of sovereignty, in exchange for its withdrawal from partial and technical issues that fall under the regulatory competences of the government.
الملخص
يناقش البحث ظاهرة تقييد دور البرلمان في إطار دستورانية قائمة على مبدأ الفصل بين السلطات، مع التركيز على التجربة المغربية مقارنة بالتجربة الفرنسية. هدف الدراسة: يهدف هذا البحث إلى إبراز مكانة الوظيفة التشريعية للبرلمان المغربي، أي مجال القانون، ورسم حدوده في هذا الاختصاص مع تدخل السلطة التنظيمية للحكومة. عرض الإشكالية: يرتكز البحث على مبدأ الفصل بين السلطات كمبدأ أساسي من مبادئ النظام الدّستوري المغربي، مع التركيز على دور البرلمان في التشريع. ويشير البحث إلى تزايد هيمنة السلطة التنفيذية على حساب البرلمان في الدول الغربية، وكذلك في المغرب الذي استلهم فلسفته الدّستورية من النظام الغربي. وترى الدراسة أنّ هذه الهيمنة تطرح إشكالية الطابع الديمقراطي والوظائف التمثيلية للبرلمان وتجعل منه مشرعاً استثنائياً. منهجية البحث: اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج المؤسسي القانوني المستند إلى الدّستورين المغربي والفرنسي لتحليل التقاطع بين مجال القانون ومجال التنظيم. كما اعتمدت أيضًا على المنهج النسقي لدراسة النظام السياسي المغربي القائم على الملكية الدّستورية التي تتميز بموقع الصدارة مقارنة بجميع السلطات. نتائج البحث: خلص البحث إلى أنّ تقييد صلاحيات البرلمان في المجال التشريعي لا يعني إضعافه، وإنما حماية الغرض من إنشائه وهو التعبير عن إرادة الأمة وتمثيل السيادة، في مقابل خروجه من المسائل الجزئية والفنية التي تعد من الصلاحيات التنظيمية للحكومة.
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