دور الرقابة على دستورية القوانين في إرساء دولة القانون: دراسة مقارنة
The Role of Constitutional Checks and Ballances in Entrenching A State of Law: A Comparative Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol6no3.93Keywords:
A State of Law, Constitutionality of Laws, Judicial supervision, Political checks and balances, Sovereignty of Law.Abstract
يعتبر الدستور القانون الأساس في الدولة لما يتميز به من سمو شكلي وموضوعي، نظرا لطريقة وضعه من جهة والتي تكون إما بأسلوب الجمعية التأسيسية أو الاستفتاء أو الجمع بينهما، أما من الناحية الموضوعية فإنه يتناول شكل الدولة، نظام الحكم، سلطات الدولة والعلاقة فيما بينها بالإضافة إلى علاقتها بالأفراد الحقوق والحريات...، ونظرا لطبيعة الدستور كأعلى قانون في الدولة لابد أن يكون المرجعية الأولى لمختلف القوانين المتفرعة عنه، ولضمان هذا الارتباط كان لابد من وجود رقابة دستورية تحافظ على احترام الدستور وفي هذا الطرح سنتطرق لمختلف أنواع الرقابة على دستورية القوانين، سواء كانت رقابة امتناع أو إلغاء ونقف على حقيقة فعالية هذه الصور كأدوات رقابية.
Constitution is the basic Law of a state due to its formality and objectivity, and because of the way it is constitutionally codified on one hand and entrenched on the other hand; that which could be achieved through a Constituent Assembly or referendum or the combination of both. On the substantive aspect, constitutional checks and balances deal with the form of the state, system of government, state authorities and the relationship existing between them, as well as its relationship with individual rights and freedoms. Hence, given the nature of the Constitution as the highest law in the state, it must be the first reference to the other branches of laws which emanated from it. In order to guarantee an effective constitutionality of laws through constitutional checks and balances, attempt is made in this paper to address the various types of constitutional checks and balances as well as its role in establishing a state entrenched with the rule of Law, either by means of constitutional censorship or nullification or abrogation. The outcome of this research, therefore, confirms these tools of checks and balances as effective means of entrenching a state of law.
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